Characterisation
options include:
- Mineralogical analysis by Thermo-Gravimetic Analysis (TGA) and
X-ray diffraction (XRD) for qualitative and quantitative identification
of mineral composition
- Chemical analysis by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) for determination
of major and trace element chemical composition
Physical property testing options include:
- Particle-size analysis using wet or dry sieving (screening) to
determine particle-size of sand and gravel (for particles 63 microns
and coarser) and X-ray Sedigraph analysis for silt and clay (for
particle 63 microns and finer).
- Mineral filler properties such as brightness (whiteness), pH,
specific gravity, bulk density, oil absorption and water absorption.
- Rheological properties for paper and ceramic raw materials including
flowability, deflocculant demand, viscosity concentration & casting
concentration.
- Surface area determination for using EGME (for bentonite grade)
and Nitrogen adsorption BET methods.
Examples of andalusite.
BGS minerals personnel at Scrooby Quarry.
Clay testing for ceramic uses
- Shrinkage & porosity of dry test pieces
- Shrinkage and water absorption of fired test pieces
- Atterberg plastic limit, liquid limit, plasticity index (cone
penetrometer)
- Bentonite swelling test
- Cation exchange capacity (CEC)
Limestone and lime evaluation
- Decrepitation and reactivity of burnt lime
- Agricultural lime (aglime) property testing.
Construction aggregate property testing
- Relative density and water absorption
- Aggregate impact value (AIV)
- Aggregate crushing value (ACV)
- Los Angeles abrasion value (LAAV)
- Polished Stone value (PSV).
Further information on industrial minerals can be found here: http://www.bgs.ac.uk/mineralsuk/planning/industrial.html and here: http://www.bgs.ac.uk/mineralsuk/mines/industrial.html
For further information please contact:
Clive
J Mitchell
Industrial minerals specialist
British Geological Survey,
Nicker Hill, Keyworth,
Nottingham, NG12 5GG, United Kingdom
Tel. +44 115 936 3257 Fax. +44 115 936 3520